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GATE syllabus for cse


SYLLABUS FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE AND 
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (CS) 
Engineering Mathematics 
Mathematical Logic: 
Propositional Logic; First Order Logic. 
Probability: 
Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random 
Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial. 
Set Theory & Algebra: 
Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra. 
Combinatorics: 
Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence 
relations; asymptotics. 
Graph Theory: 
Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent 
sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism. 
Linear Algebra: 
Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen 
vectors. 
Numerical Methods: 
LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear 
algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical 
integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rules. 
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral 
calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total 
derivatives, maxima & minima. 
Computer Science and Information Technology 
Digital Logic: 
Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential 
circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point). 
Computer Organization and Architecture: 
Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, 
Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache 
and main memory, Secondary storage. 
Programming and Data Structures: 
Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract 
data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary 
heaps. 
Algorithms: 
Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and 
average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-andconquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest 
paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching. Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of 
time and space, upper and lower bounds, Basic concepts of complexity classes P, NP, 
NP-hard, NP-complete. 
Theory of Computation: 
Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down 
automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability. 
Compiler Design: 
Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, 
Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization. 
Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, 
Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O 
systems, Protection and security. 
Databases: 
ER-model, Relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), Database design 
(integrity constraints, normal forms), Query languages (SQL), File structures (sequential 
files, indexing, B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control. 
Information Systems and Software Engineering: 
information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process 
specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the 
project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance. 
Computer Networks: 
ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (Ethernet, Token ring), Flow and error control 
techniques, Routing algorithms, Congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), 
Application layer protocols (icmp, dns, smtp, pop, ftp, http); Basic concepts of hubs, 
switches, gateways, and routers. Network security basic concepts of public key and 
private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls. 
Web technologies: 

HTML, XML, basic concepts of client-server computing. 





SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRONICS AND 
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (EC) 
Engineering Mathematics 
Linear Algebra: 
Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. 
Calculus: 
Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and 
improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier 
series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, 
Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems. 
Differential equations: 
First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with 
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's 
equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and 
variable separable method. 
Complex variables: 
Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent' 
series, Residue theorem, solution integrals. 
Probability and Statistics: 
Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard 
deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal 
and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis. 
Numerical Methods: 
Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for 
differential equations. 
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform. 
Electronics and Communication Engineering 
Networks: 
Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and 
fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network 
theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton's maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta 
transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant 
coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution 
of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC 
circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations 
for networks. 
Electronic Devices: 
Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: 
diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of 
carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, 
MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device 
technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, 
photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process. 
Analog Circuits: 
Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple 
diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and 
FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, 
and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. 
Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp 
configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power 
supplies. 
Digital circuits: 
Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, 
TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, 
multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, 
counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor 
memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O 
interfacing. 
Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time 
Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, ztransform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and 
properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel 
and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal 
transmission through LTI systems. 
Control Systems: 
Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block 
diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these 
systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; 
transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. 
Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, 
Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag 
compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control. State variable 
representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems. 
Communications: 
Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, 
autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and 
angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, 
superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog 
communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude 
modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. 
Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital 
communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code 
modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift 
keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration 
and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and 
CDMA and GSM. 
Electromagnetics: 
Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss' and Stokes' theorems, 
Maxwell's equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. 
Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and 
group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance 
transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. 
Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off 
frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and 

optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain. 

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